HMGB-1: Bioreagents for proinflammatory diseases and immunotherapy

HMGB1, a highly conserved non-histone nuclear protein, could serve as a signal for extracellular nuclear action and tissue damage. When cells are injured or infected, HMGB1 is passively released in the extracellular environment, transmitting danger signals to neighboring cells and triggering inflammation.1

As a result, HMGB1 is thought to be a multifaceted innate immunity-activating prototypical alarmin that has recently emerged as a potential drug target. Extracellular HMGB1 activates inflammatory signaling by acting as a pro-inflammatory cytokine via receptors such as TLR2, TLR4, TLR9, Tim-3, CXCR4, and RAGE. It also causes the release of cytokines and chemokines such as IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFNγ, IL-1RA, IL-8, IL-6, CXCL11, and CXCL12.

Several potential signaling pathways for HMGB1-mediated inflammatory responses have been identified. Figure 1 shows that HMGB1 can bind to TLRs or RAGE, activating the NF-κB pathway and inducing NF-κB nuclear transcription, which leads to the transcription and expression of cytokine and chemokine target genes. Furthermore, HMGB1 binds CXCL12 and can activate CXCR4 and induce cell migration.2,3

HMGB1 also promotes stem cell proliferation and chemoresistance by activating NF-κB, MAPK, and MyD88. The blockade of HMGB1 following immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment (like PD-1/PD-L1 ICIs) hinders tumor growth.

Sino Biological supplies bioreagents to aid in the research and development of proinflammatory diseases and immunotherapy.

Interaction of HMGB1 with cell surface receptors.

Figure 1. Interaction of HMGB1 with cell surface receptors. Image Credit: Sino Biological Inc.

Featured recombinant proteins

Sino Biological provides high-quality products that undergo stringent quality control and are trusted by users, as evidenced by citations in top-tier journals.

  • High-purity
  • Low-endotoxin
  • Activity-validated
  • Cited by researchers

Human HMGB1 protein - Cat#: 10326-H08H

Ability to induce TNF-α secretion by RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells

Ability to induce TNF-α secretion by RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells. Image Credit: Sino Biological Inc.

Human IL-6 protein - Cat#: 10395-HNAE

Immobilized human IL-6 can bind human IL-6R hFc(Cat: 10398-H02H).

Immobilized human IL-6 can bind human IL-6R hFc (Cat: 10398-H02H). Image Credit: Sino Biological Inc.

Human TIM-3 protein - Cat#: 10390-H08H-B

Human TIM-3 protein can bind anti-TIMD3 antibody.

Human TIM-3 protein can bind anti-TIMD3 antibody. Image Credit: Sino Biological Inc. 

Human IL-1β protein - Cat#: 10139-HNAE

Ability to induce Interferon gamma secretion by human NK-92 cells.

Ability to induce Interferon gamma secretion by human NK-92 cells. Image Credit: Sino Biological Inc.

Human IL-8 protein - Cat#: 10098-H01H1

Immobilized human IL-8/CXCL8 can bind Anti-IL-8/CXCL8 Antibody.

Immobilized human IL-8/CXCL8 can bind Anti-IL-8/CXCL8 Antibody. Image Credit: Sino Biological Inc.

Human RAGE protein - Cat#: 11629-H08H

Activity

Immobilized human AGER-His binds to mouse S100A1 (Cat: 50266-M07E) with a linear range of 15.6–250 ng/mL.

Human CXCL12 protein - Cat#: 10118-H01H

Activity

Ability to bind biotinylated recombinant human DPPIV.

More recombinant proteins (partial)

Source: Sino Biological Inc.

Cat# Species Proteins Expression Host Purity Activity Tag
10326-H01H Human HMGB1 HEK293 Cells > 97 % active hFc
10326-H07E Human HMGB1 E. coli > 90 % active His
10326-H08H Human HMGB1 HEK293 Cells > 93 % active His
50913-M01H Mouse HMGB1 HEK293 Cells > 85 % active hFc
50489-M08H Mouse RAGE HEK293 Cells > 96 % active His
10061-H08B Human TLR2 Baculovirus-Insect Cells > 85 %   His
50502-M08B Mouse TLR2 Baculovirus-Insect Cells > 90 %   His
80400-R08B1 Rat TLR2 Baculovirus-Insect Cells > 90 %   His
10146-H08B Human TLR4 Baculovirus-Insect Cells > 87 % active His
10390-H08H-B Human Tim-3 HEK293 Cells > 80 % active His
51152-M08H Mouse Tim-3 HEK293 Cells > 95 %   His
90312-C02H Cynomolgus Tim-3 HEK293 Cells > 95 %   hFc
10602-HNAE Human TNF-α E. coli ≥ 95 % (SEC-HPLC) active Native
GMP-10602-HNAE Human TNF-α E. coli ≥ 95 % (SEC-HPLC) active Native
50349-MNAE Mouse TNF-α E. coli > 98 % active Native
60002-FNAE Ferret TNF-α E. coli > 95 % active Native
70003-DNAE Canine TNF-α E. coli > 96 % active Native
80045-RNAE Rat TNF-α E. coli > 93 % active Native
90330-CNAE-B Cynomolgus TNF-α E. coli > 95 % active Native
11725-HNAE Human IFN-γ E. coli ≥ 95 % (SEC-HPLC) active Native
GMP-11725-HNAE Human IFN-γ E. coli ≥ 95 % (SEC-HPLC) active Native
90008-C08H Rhesus IFN-γ HEK293 Cells > 90 % active His
10111-H02H Human IL1R2 HEK293 Cells > 95 % active hFc
10139-HNAE Human IL-1β E. coli ≥ 95 % (SEC-HPLC) active Native
GMP-10139-HNAE Human IL-1β E. coli ≥ 95 % (SEC-HPLC) active Native
50101-MNAE Mouse IL-1β E. coli > 97 % active Native
65004-TNAE Rabbit IL-1β E. coli > 90 % active Native
70018-DNAE Canine IL-1β E. coli > 96 % active Native
80023-RNAE Rat IL-1β E. coli > 98 % active Native
90010-CNAE Rhesus IL-1β E. coli > 97 % active Native
10395-HNAE Human IL6 E. coli ≥ 95 % active Native
50136-MNAE Mouse IL6 E. coli > 90 % active Native
80076-RNAE Rat IL6 E. coli > 85 % active Native
90197-CNAE Rhesus IL6 E. coli > 85 % active Native
GMP-10395-HNAE Human IL6 E. coli ≥ 95 % active Native
10098-H01H1 Human IL8 HEK293 Cells > 95 % active hFc
70009-DNAE Canine IL8 E. coli > 95 %   Native
90280-CNAE Rhesus IL8 E. coli > 95 %   Native
10876-HNAE Human CXCL11 E. coli > 95 %   Native
10118-H01H Human CXCL12 HEK293 Cells > 95 % active hFc
50025-MNAE Mouse CXCL12 E. coli > 95 %   Native
70055-DNAE Canine CXCL12 E. coli > 95 %   Native
90009-C02H Rhesus CXCL12 HEK293 Cells > 95 % active hFc

 

Other related proteins

  • GSK3-β
  • RAS
  • Bcl-2
  • ERK1/2
  • p50
  • STAT1
  • CD14
  • NRP1
  • Jagged 1

Featured antibodies

Sino Biological has created a collection of antibodies for HMGB1, RAGE, and related molecules for use in IHC-IP, FCM, ELISA, IP, and WB.

Anti-HMGB1 antibody - Rabbit PAb - Cat#: 100930-T46

Immunochemical staining HMGB1 in human kidney.

Immunochemical staining HMGB1 in human kidney. Image Credit: Sino Biological Inc.

Anti-RAGE antibody - Rabbit PAb - Cat#: 11629-T24

Immunochemical staining of human RAGE in human lung.

Immunochemical staining of human RAGE in human lung. Image Credit: Sino Biological Inc.

Anti-CXCL12 antibody - Rabbit PAb - Cat#: 10118-T08

Immunochemical staining of human CXCL12 in human liver.

Immunochemical staining of human CXCL12 in human liver. Image Credit: Sino Biological Inc.

More antibodies (partial)

Source: Sino Biological Inc.

Cat# Antigen Species Clonality Ig Type Application
100930-T10 HMGB1 Human Rabbit PAb Rabbit IgG IHC-P, ICC/IF
10326-MM10 Human Mouse MAb Mouse IgG1 ICC/IF
10061-R067-P TLR2 Human Rabbit MAb Rabbit IgG FCM
10061-MM11 Human Mouse MAb Mouse IgG1 IHC-P
10146-T16 TLR4 Human Rabbit PAb Rabbit IgG ELISA
102040-T08 TLR9 Mouse Rabbit PAb Rabbit IgG IHC-P
10390-R024 TIM-3 Human Rabbit MAb Rabbit IgG ELISA
51152-T48 Mouse Rabbit PAb Rabbit IgG WB, ELISA
310268-T36 CXCR4 Human Rabbit PAb Rabbit IgG WB, IP
102154-T32 RAGE Human Rabbit PAb Rabbit IgG WB
11629-MM02 Human Mouse MAb Mouse IgG1 IHC-P
10139-R012 IL-1β Human Rabbit MAb Rabbit IgG ELISA
10139-M201 Human Mouse MAb Mouse IgG1 ELISA, IHC-P
10602-R10N1 TNF-α Human Rabbit MAb Rabbit IgG FCM, Neutralization
10602-RP02 Human Rabbit PAb Rabbit IgG WB, ELISA, IP
10602-MM01 Human Mouse MAb Mouse IgG1 ELISA, FCM
11725-R003-A IFN-γ Human Rabbit MAb Rabbit IgG FCM
105908-T08 Human Rabbit PAb Rabbit IgG IHC-P
11725-M005 Human Mouse MAb Mouse IgG1 WB
10098-T16 IL-8 Human Rabbit PAb Rabbit IgG ELISA
90280-R009 Rhesus Rabbit MAb Rabbit IgG ELISA
10395-R057 IL-6 Human Rabbit MAb Rabbit IgG ELISA
90197-RP02 Rhesus Rabbit PAb Rabbit IgG ELISA, IHC-P
10395-MM19 Human Mouse MAb Mouse IgG1 WB, IHC-P
10876-MM08 CXCL11 Human Mouse MAb Mouse IgG1 IHC-P
10118-T08 CXCL12 Human Rabbit PAb Rabbit IgG IHC-P
50025-T48 Mouse Rabbit PAb Rabbit IgG WB, ELISA
12054-MM04 NF-κB Human Mouse MAb Mouse IgG2a ELISA, FCM, ICC/IF
201475-T44 MAPK13 Human Rabbit PAb Rabbit IgG WB, IHC-P, IP

 

References

  1. Venereau E, Schiraldi M, Uguccioni M, et al. HMGB1 and leukocyte migration during trauma and sterile inflammation[J]. Molecular immunology, 2013, 55(1): 76-82.
  2. Chen Q, Guan X, Zuo X, et al. The role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, 2016, 6(3): 183-188.
  3. Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang S, et al. HMGB1, an innate alarmin, plays a critical role in chronic inflammation of adipose tissue in obesity[J]. Molecular and cellular endocrinology, 2017, 454: 103-111.